FCE Word Formation

For questions 1- 8, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. EXAM DESCRIPTION

About Fish and Aquariums

There are more than 200,000 species of fish inhabiting multiple (1) ... waters. New species of fish are discovered every year. From the deepest part of the seas, thousands of feet down in total (2) ..., to the beautiful aqua-blue waters of the coral reefs, to the streams, lakes, and ponds of freshwater found throughout the world, fish have adapted an incredible variety of life-forms, styles, and (3) ... . The group of aquatic animals we call fish has evolved for over 400 million years to be the most (4) ... and diverse of the major vertebrate groups. Forty-one per cent of the world's fish species inhabit only fresh water. That is truly (5) ... considering that fresh water covers only 1 per cent of the world's surface. As you probably already know, salt water covers 70 per cent of the Earth's surface. So the number and (6) ... of freshwater species to marine or saltwater species is all the more mind-boggling. While they inhabit the smallest amount of water, they have, in fact, adapted to a much (7) ... range of habitats and to a greater variety of water conditions. Let's take a closer look at the unique adaptations of fish that have allowed them to live so (8) ... in the medium we call water.

1) DIFFER

2) DARK

3) BEHAVE

4) NUMBER

5) AMAZE

6) VARY

7) WIDE

8) SUCCESS

Test Answers!

GAP 1 (DIFFERENT) ... species of fish inhabiting multiple different waters. New species of fish are discovered every ... ↑_ _ _ _
DIFFER => DIFFERENT | VERB => ADJECTIVE
ENT => SUFFIX (IN ADJECTIVES) that is or does something. (INDEPENDENT/SILENT/EFFICIENT).
Examples:
1). We had a difference of opinion. DIFFER + ENCE => NOUN
2). Dogs and cats may behave differently. DIFFERENT + LY => ADVERB
3). John is indifferent to other people's suffering. IN + DIFFERENT => ADJECTIVE

GAP 2 (DARKNESS) ... of feet down in total darkness to the beautiful aqua-blue waters of the coral reefs ... ↑_ _ _ _
DARK => DARKNESS | VERB => NOUN
NESS => SUFFIX (IN NOUNS) state : condition : quality. (FRESHNESS/FITNESS/SADNESS)
Examples:
1). The sky darken and it started to rain. DARK + EN => VERB
2). His hair was a darkish brown colour. DARK + ISH => ADJECTIVE
3). The house was in total darkness. DARK + NESS => NOUN

GAP 3 (BEHAVIOURS) ... life-forms, styles, and behaviours. The group of aquatic animals we call fish has ... ↑_ _ _ _
BEHAVE => BEHAVIOURS | VERB => NOUN
OUR => SUFFIX (IN NOUNS) state, condition, or activity.(LABOUR/FAVOUR/GLAMOUR)
Examples:
1). The boy was punished for misbehaviour. MIS + BEHAVIOUR => NOUN
2). The headmaster praised the good behaviour of the pupils. BEHAV + IOUR => NOUN
3). There are a lot of children with behavioural difficulties. BEHAV + IORAL => ADJECTIVE

GAP 4 (NUMEROUS) ... years to be the most numerous and diverse of the major vertebrate groups ... ↑_ _ _ _
NUMBER => NUMEROUS | NOUN => ADJECTIVE
OUS => SUFFIX (IN ADJECTIVES) having the nature or quality of. (POISONOUS/MARVELLOUS/FABULOUS)
Examples:
1). The files are in numerical order. NUM + ERICAL => ADJECTIVE
2). The girls in the team outnumber the boys. OUT + NUMBER => VERB
3). Her faults are too numerous. NUM + EROUS => ADJECTIVE

GAP 5 (AMAZING) ... water. That is truly amazing considering that fresh water covers only 1 percent of the ... ↑_ _ _ _
AMAZE => AMAZING | VERB => ADJECTIVE
ING => SUFFIX (IN ADJECTIVES) used to make the present participle of regular verbs. (LOVING/SATISFYING/INTERESTING)
Examples:
1). To my amazement she suddenly stood on her head. AMAZE + MENT => NOUN
2). Amazingly, Gina finished medical school in two years. AMAZ + INGLY => ADVERB
3). Glasgow is an amazing city. AMAZ + ING => ADJECTIVE

GAP 6 (VARIETY) ... the number and variety of freshwater species to marine or saltwater species is ... ↑_ _ _ _
VARY => VARIETY | VERB => NOUN
TY => SUFFIX (IN NOUNS) Latin origin, denoting quality, state. (UNITY/PLURALITY/EQUALITY)
Examples:
1). Various people have told me about her. VARI + OUS => ADJECTIVE
2). The engine works at a variable speed. VARI + ABLE => ADJECTIVE
3). There's a great variety of experience in this job. VARI + ETY => NOUN

GAP 7 (WIDER) ... adapted to a much wider range of habitats and to a greater variety of water conditions. ... ↑_ _ _ _
WIDE => WIDER | ADJECTIVE => ADJECTIVE
ER => SUFFIX (IN ADJECTIVES) makes comparative adjectives and adverbs. (HOTTER/LONGER/STRONGER)
Examples:
1). What is the width of this material? WID + TH => NOUN (INTERNAL CHANGE)
2). The city is going to widen the road. WIDE + N => VERB
3). Steve has travelled widely. WIDE + LY => ADVERB

GAP 8 (SUCCESSFULLY) ... allowed them to live so successfully in the medium we call water ... ↑_ _ _ _
SUCCESS => SUCCESSFULLY | NOUN => ADVERB
LY => SUFFIX (IN ADVERBS) in a specified manner. (VIRTUALLY/SADLY/SLOWLY)
Examples:
1). He tried to find her but was unsuccessful. UN + SUCCESSFUL => ADJECTIVE
2). They have successfully finished the project. SUCCESS + FULLY => ADVERB
3). The prince is third in succession to the throne. SUCCESS + ION => NOUN